Deepening Drought Pushes Afghanistan’s Water Supply to the Brink, UNICEF Warns

KABUL, Afghanistan – The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) has issued a stark warning that a prolonged and severe drought is pushing Afghanistan’s fragile water systems to the brink of collapse, depriving countless families and children of access to clean water and creating a cascading public health crisis.

The crisis, fueled by decades of conflict, economic collapse, and the accelerating impacts of climate change, threatens to reverse any modest gains in child health and survival. In a recent statement, UNICEF highlighted that a staggering 80% of Afghans are forced to drink unsafe water, a direct consequence of dried-up wells, contaminated surface water, and dilapidated infrastructure.

A Perfect Storm of Scarcity and Sickness

The lack of clean water creates a vicious cycle, particularly for children. “When families cannot access safe drinking water, children are the first to suffer,” said a UNICEF spokesperson. “We are seeing a rise in life-threatening waterborne diseases like cholera, diarrhea, and malnutrition. A child suffering from diarrhea will not absorb nutrients effectively, leading to wasting and stunting, which can cause irreversible physical and cognitive damage.”

The situation is especially critical in rural provinces like Ghor and Nangarhar, where communities are heavily reliant on agriculture and livestock. The drought has decimated crops, killed animals, and driven displacement, as families are forced to abandon their homes in search of water.

International Response and Sustainable Solutions

In response to the escalating crisis, UNICEF, with financial support from the government of South Korea, has announced a new initiative to install sustainable water supply systems in 20 local communities across Ghor and Nangarhar. This project is part of a broader, long-term strategy to build climate-resilient water infrastructure that can withstand future droughts.

“Simply trucking in water is a short-term fix,” the UNICEF statement explained. “Our focus is on creating reliable, groundwater-based systems managed by the communities themselves. This includes drilling boreholes, protecting natural springs, and constructing distribution networks to ensure a permanent source of safe water.”

Kabul’s Looming Water Catastrophe

Adding to the national emergency, the capital city of Kabul is facing a particularly grim future. Years of unregulated well drilling and chronically low rainfall have led to a dramatic drop in the city’s water table. UNICEF has projected that Kabul’s water sources could be entirely depleted by 2030 if current trends continue. This would trigger a humanitarian catastrophe for a city of over 5 million people, where many residents already spend a significant portion of their income on purchasing water from private tankers.

The Path Forward

While immediate relief efforts are crucial, experts agree that the solution requires a multi-faceted approach:

1. Large-Scale Infrastructure Investment: Major investment in large-scale water storage, management, and treatment facilities is needed to secure water for urban centers.

2. Climate-Smart Agriculture: Promoting water-efficient irrigation techniques to reduce the agricultural sector’s massive water footprint.

3. National Water Policy: Strengthening governance and regulation around groundwater extraction to prevent the “tragedy of the commons” playing out in aquifers across the country.

UNICEF’s efforts, supported by international partners, provide a critical lifeline. However, the organization stresses that without a sustained and substantial global commitment to building Afghanistan’s climate resilience and water security, the future for millions of Afghans, particularly its children, remains perilously dry.

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