Interview with Dr. Khushal Rohi for Dawat

Interview with Dr. Khushal Rohi for Dawat

Note: This interview was originally published in issue 254 of Dawat magazine and is now presented to the readers and followers of Dawat Media 24.

Dawat Media: What is your view on the current situation in Afghanistan?

Dr. Khushal Rohi:
There is no doubt that after several decades of continuous war, the heavy fighting in Afghanistan has stopped, the central government controls the entire geography of the country, the “islands of power” have been eliminated, and some reconstruction work is underway. Unfortunately, due to a number of other negative factors—especially the flawed policies of the authorities—these limited gains are under both potential and actual threats.

The Taliban have two golden opportunities. On one hand, the region’s and the world’s key players seem to have little appetite for renewed war in Afghanistan. So far, they have not provided significant support to warmongers or even to the Taliban’s political opponents. As far as I know, despite many problems and shortcomings, there is still willingness to engage with the Taliban. Some Western diplomats I’ve met say they have agreed among themselves on three points:

1. They will not support armed opposition to the Taliban.
2. They will not fully isolate the Taliban.
3. They will not formally recognize them unless they respect human rights—especially women’s fundamental rights—allow participation in government by non-Taliban actors, and fulfill their counterterrorism commitments.

Regional countries, while seriously concerned about extremism and terrorism from Afghan soil, are trying to encourage Taliban cooperation through economic engagement.

On the other hand, inside Afghanistan, people are weary from long wars and the dominance of warlords, mafias, and ethnic power brokers. For this reason, despite serious challenges, they have not yet mobilized for rebellion.

Sadly, despite these golden opportunities, the Taliban have not learned from the past. They have clung to failed models of monopoly, authoritarianism, and extremism, once again exposing the country to new threats and challenges. We see that the gap between the Taliban, the public, and the international community is widening daily. At any moment, regional and global scenarios could shift, and the current opportunities could vanish. People are tired of the Taliban’s authoritarian and exclusionary policies. While they may accept the relative security for a while longer, they are now aware, familiar with civil liberties and development, and no longer limit their expectations solely to security as in the previous Emirate era.

Dawat Media: At present, what kind of danger do you think Afghanistan faces?

Dr. Khushal Rohi:
We can see that some former groups and strongmen are trying to convince the international community to fund war projects. Although the world has shown little interest so far, if the Taliban continue with their extremism and madrassa-driven jihadist agenda, such war projects might again find backers. When poverty and unemployment reach crisis levels, when people feel alienated from the system or oppressed and marginalized, it becomes easy and cheap to recruit fighters. Therefore, alongside poverty, hunger, extremism, and isolation, we cannot ignore the potential for renewed conflict. In my view, this is the greatest danger.

Dawat Media: Three years have passed since the Taliban took power. How do you assess their governance?

Dr. Khushal Rohi:
Although, fortunately, the heavy war has ended and the islands of power have disappeared, Afghanistan has not emerged from crisis and still depends on foreign aid. The Taliban have failed to gain national and international legitimacy or establish the rule of law. They still view the world as an enemy and their people as hostages. Civil liberties and human rights are trampled; personal privacy is unsafe; media and freedom of expression face severe censorship; and women, in particular, have been deprived of many fundamental rights and systematically excluded from political, social, and economic life.

The country’s human resource capacity has suffered greatly: hundreds of thousands of professionals have left or are leaving, and millions face the hardships of migration. As a result, people feel no security in any aspect of life and have little hope for the future. So, in my opinion, while the Taliban have been relatively successful in security matters, they have failed in other areas.

Dawat Media: Why do the Taliban adopt stances against national and international public opinion, creating trouble for themselves?

Dr. Khushal Rohi:
I see two main reasons. First, the Taliban have not yet moved beyond the mindset of war and jihad. As a government, they neither fully understand their responsibilities toward the people and the international community nor trust them—instead seeing them with suspicion or even hostility. They believe they defeated the world and NATO and took power by force, and they rely on force to maintain it. But previous regimes also took power by force and ruled through force—none of them lasted. At first, people are usually patient and wait for reforms, but when they lose hope and turn away from the system, even the strongest governments collapse.

Second, although Taliban leaders are not all of one mind, those who hold real decision-making power believe that the “Sharia system” requires what they are doing, and they see success in angering the so-called infidels. As for the people, they believe they are misguided and should be grateful for being pardoned. While there are signs of dissatisfaction among some Taliban leaders with current policies, so far they have not stood up to the leader’s decisions nor succeeded in changing them.

Dawat Media: Could you please provide information to the readers of Dawat Media about the National Axis Party, which you lead?

Dr. Khushal Rohi: The National Axis began its journey about 15 years ago under the name “Wakeful Afghan” as a social reform movement focused heavily on awakening society, transparency, and reform. At that time, it fought against ignorance, violence, corruption, and division. Later, two other youth movements—”Wakeful Youth” and “Today’s Youth Civil Society”—joined, and together they formed a political movement called the Afghan National Movement, which fought for peace, social justice, independence, and democracy. In this context, the movement organized several important rallies and campaigns.

Given the need for a national-wide political party in Afghanistan, the Afghan National Movement decided to organize its activities as a political party. In 2016, it held its first congress and announced the formation of a political party, changing its name from Afghan National Movement to National Axis.

While some of the goals of the National Axis may also appear in the charters of other parties, the National Axis has certain distinctive features:

• At a time when most political parties in Afghanistan were built around power or wealth, we decided to gather our members around ideas, principles, and values.
• While most parties focused on short-term, reactive, and interest-driven struggles, we aimed to invest in a long-term, fundamental, and strategic struggle.
• While most parties revolved around the power or charisma of a key individual

• Dawat Media: As a political activist, how do you see Afghanistan today and its future?
• Dr. Khushal Rohi: Under the current circumstances, the expectations of the Afghan people from the Taliban are not very high. Relative freedom, respect for fundamental human rights, opening the government’s doors to the public without discrimination, and consulting the people on major national issues will, on one hand, bring relative public satisfaction and, on the other, open doors to better relations with the region and the world. But if the Taliban continue absolute monopoly, tyranny, and their jihadist agenda, they will inevitably clash both with the people and the international community.
• Now it is up to Afghan politicians and the enlightened class to prepare as much as possible for such a day and to create a national alternative. Unfortunately, even after three and a half years, national groups and personalities have not succeeded in forming a strong platform or alliance, mainly due to selfishness and ideological differences.
• If the national and enlightened groups do not succeed soon in creating a national alternative and axis, and if the Taliban continue their extremist policies, it is not far-fetched that they will destroy themselves because, at present, the Taliban have no serious or strong opponents; in fact, they themselves are the biggest enemies of their own regime.
• Considering this, I find Afghanistan’s future worrying, because former warlords and mafias are trying hard to restart the war projects. While previously they fought over power-sharing, this time they are lobbying for dividing the country. I fear that due to the Taliban’s stubbornness and the incompetence of national groups, God forbid, Afghanistan might be dragged into a catastrophe from which recovery would be very difficult or even impossible.
• Dawat Media: How do you view the closure of schools, universities, and workplaces for girls?
• Dr. Khushal Rohi: Humanity, civilization, and Islam all grant women the right to education and work. It is in Afghanistan’s national interest not only to grant these rights but also to pay special attention, because currently Afghanistan is, after Chad, the second country with the lowest female literacy rate. Globally, the average female literacy rate is 82.7%, while in Afghanistan it is only 22.6%. In developed countries and even some neighboring countries like Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan, the rate reaches 99%.
• I won’t go into the arguments about what human rights and Islam say regarding women’s education and work, because there has been a lot of writing and debate on that. It saddens me greatly that we are still wasting time and energy debating something universally recognized and accepted as a fundamental right, and many cannot even imagine a state deliberately preventing its daughters from education and work.
• I just say that the people of Afghanistan are now awake enough that they will not accept such ignorant and cruel bans on their sisters and daughters. This is the most important point of conflict between the people and the international community with the Taliban’s rule.
• There was a time when education levels were low and the government built schools but people hid their children; now that people want schools and are aware, unfortunately, the rulers are hiding themselves. In my opinion, whether these bans are intentional or out of ignorance, they clearly oppose Afghanistan’s national interests. If the issue of Osama bin Laden was the cause of the fall of the Taliban’s first regime, then the issue of women’s rights may be the cause of the fall of the second.
• Dawat Media: You and your colleagues have raised your voice for reopening girls’ schools and their rights and have even visited Kabul as a delegation. How satisfied are you with your efforts and activities, and what were the views and promises of the new rulers? Did these meetings give you hope or the opposite?
• Dr. Khushal Rohi: It has been almost two years since we launched the national campaign for girls’ education, raising our voice through statements, interviews, writings, meetings, closed and open letters, and social media. Several times in Twitter Spaces, we were asked to go to Kabul and discuss issues directly with the authorities. We did so and in last April, we went to Kabul as a delegation and met with most of the Taliban’s key leaders and officials.
• In our meetings, we not only raised issues related to women’s education and work rights but also discussed other national issues such as representation of national will through a comprehensive system, the need for national dialogue and reconciliation, the Loya Jirga, constitution, professional government, and other important topics. Our main focus, of course, was on girls’ education.
• Most leaders acknowledged that girls’ education is a legitimate right and generally assured us they would try. Some, like Interior Minister Sirajuddin Haqqani, promised serious efforts, while others mentioned obedience to the Amir and the system’s interests. The hopeful part was that most leaders were thinking about solutions and against the Amir’s decision, but the disappointing part was that they lacked the courage to stand against the Amir. It seemed that the emirate’s power and will are held hostage by one person or a small group.
• Although we managed to create serious momentum among Taliban leadership on women’s education and rights, judging by the results, after our visit, more restrictions were imposed on women, including banning medical education.
• In my opinion, the Taliban leaders’ excuses and reasoning in Kabul are not justifiable. We clearly told them that wisdom is not in silence but in coordination, either to unite or to oppose the Amir’s decision, because this issue has caused many serious problems and even threatened the survival of their emirate.
• Anyway, either their understanding differs from ours, or they were merely diplomatic with us, or their fear of losing power has taken away their courage to speak out. According to our information, former Minister of Higher Education Abdul Baqi Haqqani was removed from his post for this reason.
• We also tried to meet the Taliban leader in Kandahar to discuss this issue face-to-face but unfortunately were unsuccessful.
• Dawat Media: As a doctor, how do you see the psychological impact of the bans on schools, higher education, and work on women?
• Dr. Khushal Rohi: Since the Taliban came to power, most of their orders and decrees have focused on pressure and restrictions on women, such as banning work, education, recreation, travel, and even communication. Many women think Taliban means enemy of women, and some even believe Islam was revealed only for men.
• A famous Afghan religious scholar told me that since the Taliban’s rule, the number of people leaving Islam in Afghanistan has increased significantly.
• Overall, feelings of worthlessness, injustice, hopelessness about the future, loss of life purpose, and seeing oneself as a captive and imprisoned have led many women to deep depression, apathy, and disinterest in life. These problems have deeply affected families and society. Many women see Afghanistan as a huge prison or even hell, and this feeling is a major cause of mass migration.
• Dawat Media: In your opinion, why do the Taliban oppose girls’ education and women’s work?
• Dr. Khushal Rohi: In backward societies with low general education and male dominance, girls’ education and women working outside the home are usually viewed negatively.
• About a century ago in rural Afghanistan, even boys’ education was opposed, let alone girls’. Also, war-torn countries tend to have less enthusiasm for girls’ education.
• Some Taliban leaders who grew up in very backward areas or in closed madrasas and mosques and have spent their lives mostly with madrasas or wars have very dark and opposing views on women’s education. Taliban leaders who lived in cities or traveled abroad tend to have broader views on women, but those trapped in their backward and closed islands still do not see women as human beings.
• Although they know Islam does not oppose women’s education and work and therefore cannot openly deny women’s rights, they still impose their madrasa mentality and approach on government policies.
• Unfortunately, the Taliban leader Sheikh Hibatullah and his close circle are stuck in this mindset and cannot tolerate women leaving home, even for education or livelihood.
• Dawat Media: You lived inside the country during the republic era and were active politically and civilly. You have been closely watching the situation for a long time. What caused the fall of the system in just a few weeks?
• Dr. Khushal Rohi: There are many factors behind the fall of the republic, deserving detailed discussion, but briefly, the seeds were planted at the Bonn Conference.
• Excluding the Taliban and Hezb-e-Islami from the nation-building and reconciliation process, power-sharing based on ethnicity and party, political power held hostage by warlords, ethnic strongmen, and mafias, promotion of corruption, neglect of Afghan psychology, and allowing Pakistan to manipulate the situation were some factors that paved the way for the republic’s fall from the start.
• It seems that by 2011, the U.S. had concluded that it could not hold Afghanistan and decided to withdraw, but state and political leaders refused to accept that the Americans would leave and abandon them on the field.
• Unfortunately, despite many resources during the twenty years of the republic, national institutions and a national army standing on its own feet were never built, and the system remained dependent on foreign aid.
• As the 2020 U.S. elections approached, it seems Trump wanted to quickly reach an agreement with the Taliban as an achievement. The U.S. irresponsibly conducted peace talks, ignored the Afghan government entirely, and started direct talks with the Taliban. The U.S. signaled the Taliban could leave without serious conditions and that the next government would be theirs. The promises made to the Taliban were about government responsibilities.
• The government side was signaled that the system would collapse and that 60,000 at-risk people would be evacuated. Even military withdrawals of important units began. This boosted the Taliban’s morale while the government side lost motivation, and the armed forces lost morale, considering further sacrifice foolish.
• On the other side, Dr. Ashraf Ghani’s team did not believe the Americans would leave, peace talks were mismanaged, consensus on peace and republic survival was not formed

Dawat Media: Many ethnic opponents of the Taliban complain about the government’s ethnic monopolization. What do you say about the fact that the Taliban have given power only to Pashtuns or their like-minded Taliban members? To put the question differently, do the Taliban truly represent the Pashtun nation or not?

Dr. Khushal Rohi: Although there are other ethnic groups within the Taliban’s composition, there is no doubt that the Taliban movement first emerged from southwestern Afghanistan, and the majority of its members are Pashtuns. Unfortunately, in recent decades, most organizations or parties formed have a dominant ethnic element, such as the Nizar Shura, Dostum’s National Movement, Mazari’s National Unity, and others. But historical experiences have proven that they have exploited their own ethnic groups and caused the most harm to their own people.

Although the majority of the Taliban are Pashtuns, they do not have an ethnic agenda; rather, their agenda is ideological, and in this agenda, no one except the Taliban fits. They do not even accept those Pashtun religious scholars who were not part of their movement. With the Taliban’s rise, protests occurred in many Pashtun-populated areas, and the national flag was defended, but these were harshly suppressed. Also, we have witnessed many arrests and mysterious killings in these areas. Moreover, most enlightened Pashtuns have strongly opposed the Taliban’s policies and monopolistic rule, and like any other ethnic group, Pashtun intellectuals do not see themselves represented in the Taliban government and view it with suspicion. Unfortunately, ethnic groups and individuals who in the past fueled ethnic discord are still trying to use the Taliban against the Pashtuns for their own ethnic interests. In short, the Taliban neither truly represent the Pashtuns nor benefit them; rather, Pashtuns suffer the most harm.

Dawat Media: In the Taliban government, all key positions are held by religious clerics, while professional and expert cadres have been sidelined, and many have left the country. How do you see Afghanistan’s development under these circumstances, and how do you view the new rulers’ treatment of the professional and educated class?

Dr. Khushal Rohi: Taliban monopoly has many consequences:

• It violates the Quranic principle that work should be entrusted to those qualified. Clerics and Taliban are not experts in all fields. Today, life and knowledge have become very specialized, requiring years of education and expertise in each field. The results of assigning work to the unqualified are clear to all.
• Social justice is trampled upon. Someone who has studied for 18 to 20 years, earned a master’s and doctorate, and worked in their profession is ignored, while jobs are given based solely on party and familial connections to those who have no experience in the field.
• Specialists and professionals are forced to seek work abroad in hope of a secure future.
• Education, expertise, and professionalism lose their value as people look for easy and guaranteed sources of income.
• On one hand, the migration of educated professionals, and on the other, the shortage of new trained personnel and the appointment of unqualified people, severely harms the country’s balanced development, progress, and political and social stability, making Afghanistan dependent on foreign expertise.

Dawat Media: Many ethnic opponents of the Taliban government complain about ethnic monopolization and try to get money and weapons from foreign intelligence to create insecurity inside the country. What do you think about this?

Dr. Khushal Rohi: From what I know, not only the ethnic opponents of the Taliban, but also former warlords, mafias, and ethnic power brokers are trying to use the war to gain power, strength, and personal benefits, and to fuel another conflict in Afghanistan. I believe Afghanistan can no longer bear wars, and wars have no results except loss. Naturally, wars are fought with foreign money and weapons, which come with foreign conditions, hands, goals, and intelligence. Since these wars are not led by a national leadership, they pave the way for ethnic, religious, and party wars, foreign conspiracies, and foreign occupation. We have experienced 45 consecutive years of wars, hatred, enmity, and discord, and are still not freed from miseries. If we could fight for 45 years, can we not try a few years of peaceful struggle? Though I am strictly against war and believe in peaceful struggle, reform, and change, if war is the last option, many other options should be exhausted first. Have we succeeded in uniting under a national umbrella and forming a national alternative? If we want to arm people and send them to war at the cost of their lives, can we bring even a thousand people out for peaceful protests? Have we tried strikes and civil resistance before war? In short, have we gained the people’s trust to consider us their representatives and saviors?

Though the path of tolerance, civil resistance, and peaceful struggle may be long, it fundamentally solves problems and truly saves the country from crisis and instability. War is seen as a shortcut, but experience shows every war ends in another war and disaster because our wars are foreign, with foreign goals and power.

In my view, the time has come to use tolerance, give space to love, understanding, and unity, and end tyranny, despotism, monopolization, violence, extremism, and wars through civil resistance and peaceful change.

Dawat Media: How do you assess Afghanistan’s relations with regional and foreign countries?

Dr. Khushal Rohi: The Taliban’s relations with regional countries are relatively good, and several factors play a role:

1. Before the fall of the republic, the Taliban tried to reduce dependence on Pakistan by gaining other supporters like Iran and establishing relations with Russia and China, reassuring them. They also benefited from their Qatar office and built ties with some Arab countries and Turkey. While the republic’s diplomacy was weak or failed, the Taliban’s policy was active and successful regionally.
2. After taking power, the Taliban continued active diplomacy, forming relatively good ties with Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, and establishing relations with India, sending them messages of goodwill. Relations with Pakistan have become strained due to various reasons, and trust with Tajikistan has not yet been established.
3. Regional countries fear another war and crisis in Afghanistan, which could become a battleground for regional and international games, spreading war, terrorism, and extremism to their areas.
4. Regional countries see economic benefits in Afghanistan’s stability, need trade corridors, and see great potential in Afghanistan’s mineral resources.
5. A regional cooperation bloc has formed with intertwined interests through organizations like Shanghai Cooperation, ECO, SAARC, and others, in which Afghanistan’s participation is a factor.
6. While regional countries support some minority participation in Afghanistan, values like democracy, human rights, and civil liberties are not barriers since most regional countries face similar issues. However, Islamic extremism and jihadi terrorism are serious concerns closely monitored.

Regarding the West, they oppose war in Afghanistan but have not shown interest in supporting Taliban armed or political opponents. They want to avoid a humanitarian crisis and total integration of Afghanistan into the Russia-China-Iran bloc, so they try to keep channels open and assist Afghanistan’s economy via humanitarian aid. Terrorism, large migrations, and drugs are major concerns. They will not recognize the Taliban regime officially, especially due to extremist human rights violations, notably women’s rights. Some Arab countries, especially Qatar, UAE, and Turkey, try to expand influence in Afghanistan but mostly align with Western positions.

Overall, relations with the region and world are fragile and prone to deterioration due to Taliban mistakes or political changes in these countries. Current golden opportunities may be lost.

Dawat Media: Does the Taliban administration have the capability to use Pakistan’s troubled situation for Afghanistan’s benefit?

Dr. Khushal Rohi: In the last half-century, we have suffered great losses and threats from Pakistan. Though Pakistan has succeeded in preventing Afghanistan’s full independence and maintains political and intelligence influence, their hopes for a puppet government and official recognition of the Durand Line have turned into disappointment. Now they face consequences for policies that have invested in fire and blood and are paying back in the same way.

Pakistan is going through a deep political, social, and economic crisis with dangerous instability. However, the Taliban regime still hasn’t firmly established itself, nor obtained national or international legitimacy. Pakistan still has tools of pressure and instability like ISIS and former organizations, and could make deals with the US against the Taliban, challenging their rule.

In my view, it is important that the Taliban government is not under Pakistan’s command, but it is not in Afghanistan’s interest to escalate hostility and confrontation with Pakistan. The Taliban should focus on their system’s legitimacy, gain their people’s support, and address international concerns before any regional confrontation. If Pakistan’s crisis factors are left to their natural course and Afghanistan pursues its national cause wisely, this will immediately benefit us.

Dawat Media: Afghans living abroad are generally dispersed and scattered. Where does the problem lie? Why can’t Afghans, like other ethnic groups, unite in one place?

Dr. Khushal Rohi: Over the past half-century, Afghanistan has experienced very deep crises and severe wars, and military, intelligence, ideological, and cultural invasions, along with authoritarian, monopolistic, and extremist regimes, have caused political and social divisions among the people. This has led to distrust, violence, and a culture of self-destruction, closing the doors to tolerance, mutual acceptance, and understanding. In my opinion, given these deep crises, these problems are quite natural. I estimate that if some other countries had faced such prolonged wars and major invasions, they might have lost their national sovereignty, geographical existence, and unity forever. Certainly, problems exist, but if Afghan elites use prudence and wisdom, these problems are not so deep that they cannot be resolved. The most effective way in this regard is a national dialogue. Although scattered efforts are seen in this area, it is hoped that these efforts become organized and coherent. Usually, after prolonged conflicts, a process of national dialogue is needed for peace, national reconciliation, and unity. This process is not completed in a few meetings or conferences but is a long-term process encompassing all sides and important issues. Hopefully, Afghans living abroad will also reach understanding and unity based on their commonalities and shared national interests through dialogue and will fulfill their national responsibilities towards their country.

Dawat Media: What can Afghans living abroad do for their country and people, and what should they do?

Dr. Khushal Rohi: Although migration brings many problems and hardships, it also plays a significant role in the development of civilizations and societies. Many civilizations have emerged as a result of these migrations. Migrants bring knowledge and experiences from their homeland, and at the same time, to survive and improve their lives, they have to leave their comfort zones in the new homeland, work hard, learn science and professions, and engage in business. Migrants who preserve their spiritual and cultural values and maintain connections with their people have greatly helped their countries, like the Jewish diaspora. Afghans, who over the past half-century migrated due to misfortunes and wars in their country, have acquired knowledge, skills, professions, and accumulated capital, and some have even entered the political systems of their host countries. If national or at least responsible governments were in power in Afghanistan, they could benefit greatly from the capacities of the Afghan diaspora. Since recently most of Afghanistan’s elites and cadres have left the country, in my opinion, the Afghan diaspora should not remain idle waiting for ideal governments but should support their compatriots in these difficult days. We need to build communities and networks within the Afghan diaspora that, beyond politics and differences, objectively identify national interests and needs, develop plans and strategies in these areas, and create opportunities to utilize the capacities of the Afghan diaspora. We may not like the regimes inside the country, but we can help in areas that enable the country to stand on its own feet and pave the way for an ideal system. Diaspora networks can use the scientific, technical, economic, cultural, and even sports capacities of the diaspora within the framework of practical plans for the benefit of the homeland.

Currently, many national, political, and social figures have left the country, and based on national interests and values, they can and indeed have the responsibility to create a large national-political platform that carries out its national mission for lasting peace, stability, independence, development, and prosperity through reform and peaceful change in the country.

Dawat Media: Finally, please share your opinion about the Dawat Media Center and Dawat Magazine, as Dawat is celebrating its 36th anniversary. What is your evaluation of Dawat Magazine and Dawat Media Center?

Dr. Khushal Rohi: First, Mr. Bazgar, I sincerely congratulate you and your colleagues on the 36th anniversary of Dawat and thank you, wishing you abundant rewards from Allah. I know how hard it is to run a national media outlet for 36 years with empty hands — on the one hand earning livelihood for the children, and on the other dedicating time to a national media outlet, especially during the country’s many critical situations when many media outlets have fallen. Considering national interests and values and striving for national unity is very hard work. The pride and happiness is that Dawat has not only continued its path until now but has expanded its activities from a magazine to a media center and has also started publishing valuable books. Although during the republic period media were given much freedom and good growth opportunities, unfortunately some media prioritized personal, organizational, and ethnic interests over national interests and values, not only neglecting national interests but causing much damage, and even today some exiled media work for national discord. Considering these problems, national media like Dawat are seriously needed, and my hope is that you continue this national mission with high spirit, strong determination, and broad patience. I also urge national figures to respond positively to Dawat and spare no assistance. Also, given the digital revolution era with rapid and astonishing media advancements, I hope Dawat can convey the voice of the Afghan nation faster, louder, and with integrity to everyone.

Thank you very much.
Thank you.

 

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